Catheter-associated urinary tract infection: infection prevention and control principles

Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) are infections of the urinary system associated with urinary catheters and can result in increased patient morbidity and mortality. Complications associated with CAUTI include cystitis, pyelonephritis, bacteraemia, and, in males, prostatitis, epididymitis and orchitis. Less common complications include endocarditis, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis and meningitis.

Prevention of CAUTI is a patient safety action item as per the mandatory National Safety and Quality Health Service Standards. Health service organisations are required to comply with NSQHS Standard 3, including minimising the risk associated with CAUTI, including quality assurance and improvement initiatives. 

Key IPC risk minimisation strategies for CAUTI prevention include:

  • Avoid unnecessary urinary catheterisation
  • Correct catheter selection
  • Competent inserters
  • Aseptic technique
  • Clear documentation
  • Insertion and maintenance bundles
  • Adequate securement to the patient
  • Maintaining closed drainage system
    • Avoiding obstructions e.g. kink free tubing
    • Prevention urine backflow (drainage bags should remain below bladder level)
    • Keep drainage bags under 3/4 of capacity
  • Remove when indicated and/or as per orders
  • Patient and staff education 
  • Quality Assurance e.g. audit and surveillance

Further information regarding best practice guidelines is available via the links below:

National resources

SA Health resources

Local Health Network resources

Refer to local organisational wide instructions, policies and procedures.

Patient information

It is a requirement of the National Safety and Quality Health Service (NSQHS) Standards that health service organisations maintain systems to partner with consumers. Partnering with consumers recognises the importance of involving patients in their own care and providing clear communication to minimise risks of harm.

Further information

For further information on prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infection contact the SA Health’s Infection Control Service on (08) 7425 7161.