Referral to emergency
If any of the following are present or suspected, please refer the patient to the emergency department (via ambulance if necessary) or seek emergent medical advice if in a remote region.
- sustained palpitations with any red flags:
- chest pain
- shortness of breath
- syncope/pre-syncope (refer to Syncope and Pre-Syncope CPC)
- persisting tachyarrhythmia on electrocardiogram (ECG)
For clinical advice, please telephone the relevant metropolitan Local Health Network switchboard and ask to speak to the relevant specialty service.
Central Adelaide Local Health Network
- Royal Adelaide Hospital (08) 7074 0000
- The Queen Elizabeth Hospital (08) 8222 6000
Northern Adelaide Local Health Network
- Lyell McEwin Hospital (08) 8182 9000
Southern Adelaide Local Health Network
- Flinders Medical Centre (08) 8204 5511
- Noarlunga Hospital (08) 8384 9222
Exclusions
- syncope/pre-syncope (refer to Syncope and Pre-syncope - adult CPC)
- asymptomatic or symptomatic isolated ectopic beats
- PVCs less than 10% frequency without red flag symptoms
Triage categories
Category 1 — appointment clinically indicated within 30 days
- nil
Category 2 — appointment clinically indicated within 90 days
- palpitations without red flags, but may include:
- other cardiac symptoms
- transient haemodynamic disturbance
- abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG)
- greater than 10% frequency of premature ventricular contractions (PVCs)
Category 3 — appointment clinically indicated within 365 days
- PVCs with less than 10% frequency with red flag symptoms
Essential referral information
Completion required before first appointment to ensure patients are ready for care. Please indicate in the referral if the patient is unable to access mandatory tests or investigations as they incur a cost or are unavailable locally.
- description of frequency, duration and associated symptoms
- alleviating factors
- presence of red flags
- history of underlying cardiac disease and risk factors
- people identifying as Māori, Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander - increased risk of acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease
- familial history of sudden cardiac death, sudden infant death syndrome, or sudden unexplained death
- urea, electrolytes, creatinine (UEC)
- liver function tests (LFTs)
- blood sugar levels
- estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)
- thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
- all available electrocardiograms (ECGs) during episodes if possible
- holter monitor report
Additional information to assist triage categorisation
- echocardiogram (Echo)
- stress test
- magnesium
- use/frequency of alcohol, caffeine, tobacco and other drugs
Clinical management advice
Patients who have been seen by a specialist cardiologist previously, are encouraged to be referred back to their care for further review.
Electrocardiogram (ECG) at the time of palpitation (even if normal) may be of highly relevant value.
Clinical resources
- European Society of Cardiology (ESC) — 2019 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Supraventricular Tachycardia
- ESC — 2022 Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death
Consumer resources
Reason for request
- to establish a diagnosis
- for treatment or intervention
- for advice and management
- for specialist to take over management
- for a specified test/investigation the General Practitioner cannot order
- for other reason (e.g. rapidly accelerating disease progression)
- transfer of care from another tertiary service
- clinical judgement indicates a referral for specialist review is necessary.
Patient demographic details
- full name, including aliases
- date of birth
- residential and postal address
- telephone contact number/s – home, mobile and alternative
- Medicare number, where eligible
- name of the parent or caregiver, if appropriate
- preferred language and interpreter requirements
- identifies as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander
Clinical modifiers
- impact on employment
- impact on education
- impact on home
- impact on activities of daily living
- impact on ability to care for others
- impact on personal frailty or safety
- identifies as Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander
Other relevant information
- Willingness to have surgery, where surgery is a likely intervention.
- Choice to be treated as a public or private patient.
- Compensable status, e.g. DVA, Work Cover, Motor Vehicle Insurance, etc.
- Relevant social history, including identifying if you feel your patient is from a vulnerable population, under guardianship/out-of-home care arrangements and/or requires a third party to receive correspondence on their behalf.
- Triage of a specialist outpatient referral is based on clinical decision making to allocate an appropriate urgency categorisation.
- Where appropriate and where available, the referral may be streamed to an associated public allied health and/or nursing service. Access to some specific services may include initial assessment and management by associated public allied health and/or nursing, which may either facilitate or negate the need to see the public medical specialist.
- A change in patient circumstance (such as condition deteriorating or pregnancy) may affect the urgency categorisation and should be communicated as soon as possible.
- All new referrals will be triaged by a consultant and appointment times scheduled according to clinical urgency.