Abnormal pap smears frequently asked questions

What exactly does my result mean?

An abnormal Pap smear simply means that some your cells in your cervix are different to others. Your doctor will determine how to monitor your condition based on your age, previous Pap smear results and the degree of your abnormality. More information is available on the Pap smear results – what do they mean page

It is important to remember that just because you have an abnormal result, does not mean you have cervical cancer.

Why do I need a colposcopy?

Your doctor may ask you to have a follow-up Pap smear or refer you to a gynaecologist for a colposcopy (a biopsy) to investigate your condition more closely. For more information on what a colposcopy is and what to expect please see the Colposcopy page.

If I need a biopsy, what can I expect?

During a colposcopy, a small sample of tissue (a biopsy) may be taken from any abnormal looking areas in your cervix. A biopsy may be felt as a sharp pinch and there may be some associated cramping pains afterwards.

You may have some ‘spotting' for a few hours afterwards, so it is a good idea to take a sanitary pad to the consultation.

What are my treatment options?

Once it is identified that you need to treat your abnormality, three treatment options are available – wire loop excision, laser and cone biopsy. More information on these treatment options including what to expect, see the Treatment options for abnormal Pap smears page.

Will I need to rest and/or take time off work, and if so, for how long?

Yes. After your treatment, it is recommended that you avoid heavy physical work and take things easy for several days.

Will I experience any side effects after my treatment procedure?

Yes, some women experience cramps and abdominal pain for a day or two after treatment. It is also normal to have a vaginal discharge that may be clear or blood-stained. A light, bloody discharge may continue for two to four weeks after treatment, and occasionally longer. If the discharge becomes smelly or turns to heavy bleeding, you should contact your treating specialist.

You should tell your doctor if you develop a fever or pain in the lower abdomen, as these may indicate infection. For three to four weeks after treatment, you are advised to avoid sex to allow your cervix to heal.

How long until I can have sex again?

It is advised that you should avoid sex for three to four weeks after treatment. This will allow your cervix to heal.

How often will I need further Pap smears or other check-ups?

To determine if you have been successfully treated, it is recommended that you have six tests over a two-year period after your treatment. If all of these tests come back normal, you will be able to return to your usual two-year Pap smear. Further information is available on the Pap smears after treatment page.

What if my treatment option did not work?

If any of the recommended six tests over a two-year period come back as abnormal, your doctor or specialist will reassess your treatment options.