All patients at the end of life are entitled to treatment to optimise their comfort and dignity. The treating team responsible for the care of a dying patient works together with the patient and their nominated carers/family members to ensure appropriate, timely and adequate treatment to prevent and relieve distress. This will often include prescribing medications for symptom management.
The Pharmacological Management of Symptoms for Adults in the Last Days of Life Clinical Guideline (PDF 632KB) recommends:
There are several common symptoms that may cause distress in dying patients. Ordering medications ahead of time, 'anticipatory prescribing', is required so that prompt management of these symptoms can occur.
The SA Health quick reference guide - Prescribing guidelines for the pharmacological management of symptoms for adults in the last days of life (PDF 154KB) can be used in:
A statewide 24/7 palliative care support line is also available for clinician use only to receive advice regarding their patients from a Palliative Care Consultant.
Therapeutic Guidelines: Palliative Care
Table 10.24 Approximate equianalgesic doses of opioids in palliative care
Access available through SALUS
Australian Medicines Handbook (AMH)
Opioid comparative information
Access available through SALUS
Faculty of Pain Medicine, Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists
Opioid Dose Equivalence Calculation Table
The Medication cessation for adults in the last days of life fact sheet (PDF 154KB) assists clinicians when considering which medications may be discontinued at the end of life and the potential withdrawal effects.
CareSearch is a web-based resource funded by the Australian Government to enhance the provision of palliative care and advance care planning. Resources available include: